13:0
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.. _archiving:

******************************
Data Compression and Archiving
******************************

The modules described in this chapter support data compression with the zlib,
gzip, and bzip2 algorithms, and  the creation of ZIP- and tar-format archives.
See also :ref:`archiving-operations` provided by the :mod:`shutil` module.


.. toctree::

   zlib.rst
   gzip.rst
   bz2.rst
   zipfile.rst
   tarfile.rst
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.. _undoc:

********************
Undocumented Modules
********************

Here's a quick listing of modules that are currently undocumented, but that
should be documented.  Feel free to contribute documentation for them!  (Send
via email to docs@python.org.)

The idea and original contents for this chapter were taken from a posting by
Fredrik Lundh; the specific contents of this chapter have been substantially
revised.


Miscellaneous useful utilities
==============================

Some of these are very old and/or not very robust; marked with "hmm."

:mod:`ihooks`
   --- Import hook support (for :mod:`rexec`; may become obsolete).  Removed in
   Python 3.x.


Platform specific modules
=========================

These modules are used to implement the :mod:`os.path` module, and are not
documented beyond this mention.  There's little need to document these.

:mod:`ntpath`
   --- Implementation of :mod:`os.path` on Win32, Win64, WinCE, and OS/2 platforms.

:mod:`posixpath`
   --- Implementation of :mod:`os.path` on POSIX.

:mod:`bsddb185`
   --- Backwards compatibility module for systems which still use the Berkeley DB
   1.85 module.  It is normally only available on certain BSD Unix-based systems.
   It should never be used directly.


Multimedia
==========

:mod:`audiodev`
   --- Platform-independent API for playing audio data.  Removed in Python 3.x.

:mod:`linuxaudiodev`
   --- Play audio data on the Linux audio device.  Replaced in Python 2.3 by the
   :mod:`ossaudiodev` module.  Removed in Python 3.x.

:mod:`sunaudio`
   --- Interpret Sun audio headers (may become obsolete or a tool/demo).
   Removed in Python 3.x.

:mod:`toaiff`
   --- Convert "arbitrary" sound files to AIFF files; should probably become a tool
   or demo.  Requires the external program :program:`sox`.  Removed in Python 3.x.


.. _undoc-mac-modules:

Undocumented Mac OS modules
===========================


:mod:`applesingle` --- AppleSingle decoder
------------------------------------------

.. module:: applesingle
   :platform: Mac
   :synopsis: Rudimentary decoder for AppleSingle format files.
   :deprecated:

.. deprecated:: 2.6


:mod:`buildtools` --- Helper module for BuildApplet and Friends
---------------------------------------------------------------

.. module:: buildtools
   :platform: Mac
   :synopsis: Helper module for BuildApplet, BuildApplication and macfreeze.
   :deprecated:


.. deprecated:: 2.4

:mod:`cfmfile` --- Code Fragment Resource module
------------------------------------------------

.. module:: cfmfile
   :platform: Mac
   :synopsis: Code Fragment Resource module.
   :deprecated:


:mod:`cfmfile` is a module that understands Code Fragments and the accompanying
"cfrg" resources. It can parse them and merge them, and is used by
BuildApplication to combine all plugin modules to a single executable.

.. deprecated:: 2.4

:mod:`icopen` --- Internet Config replacement for :meth:`open`
--------------------------------------------------------------

.. module:: icopen
   :platform: Mac
   :synopsis: Internet Config replacement for open().
   :deprecated:


Importing :mod:`icopen` will replace the built-in :meth:`open` with a version
that uses Internet Config to set file type and creator for new files.

.. deprecated:: 2.6


:mod:`macerrors` --- Mac OS Errors
----------------------------------

.. module:: macerrors
   :platform: Mac
   :synopsis: Constant definitions for many Mac OS error codes.
   :deprecated:


:mod:`macerrors` contains constant definitions for many Mac OS error codes.

.. deprecated:: 2.6


:mod:`mac