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:mod:`locale` --- Internationalization services
===============================================

.. module:: locale
   :synopsis: Internationalization services.
.. moduleauthor:: Martin von LÃ¶wis <martin@v.loewis.de>
.. sectionauthor:: Martin von LÃ¶wis <martin@v.loewis.de>


The :mod:`locale` module opens access to the POSIX locale database and
functionality. The POSIX locale mechanism allows programmers to deal with
certain cultural issues in an application, without requiring the programmer to
know all the specifics of each country where the software is executed.

.. index:: module: _locale

The :mod:`locale` module is implemented on top of the :mod:`_locale` module,
which in turn uses an ANSI C locale implementation if available.

The :mod:`locale` module defines the following exception and functions:


.. exception:: Error

   Exception raised when the locale passed to :func:`setlocale` is not
   recognized.


.. function:: setlocale(category[, locale])

   If *locale* is given and not ``None``, :func:`setlocale` modifies the locale
   setting for the *category*. The available categories are listed in the data
   description below. *locale* may be a string, or an iterable of two strings
   (language code and encoding). If it's an iterable, it's converted to a locale
   name using the locale aliasing engine. An empty string specifies the user's
   default settings. If the modification of the locale fails, the exception
   :exc:`Error` is raised. If successful, the new locale setting is returned.

   If *locale* is omitted or ``None``, the current setting for *category* is
   returned.

   :func:`setlocale` is not thread-safe on most systems. Applications typically
   start with a call of ::

      import locale
      locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, '')

   This sets the locale for all categories to the user's default setting (typically
   specified in the :envvar:`LANG` environment variable).  If the locale is not
   changed thereafter, using multithreading should not cause problems.

   .. versionchanged:: 2.0
      Added support for iterable values of the *locale* parameter.


.. function:: localeconv()

   Returns the database of the local conventions as a dictionary. This dictionary
   has the following strings as keys:

   .. tabularcolumns:: |l|l|L|

   +----------------------+-------------------------------------+--------------------------------+
   | Category             | Key                                 | Meaning                        |
   +======================+=====================================+================================+
   | :const:`LC_NUMERIC`  | ``'decimal_point'``                 | Decimal point character.       |
   +----------------------+-------------------------------------+--------------------------------+
   |                      | ``'grouping'``                      | Sequence of numbers specifying |
   |                      |                                     | which relative positions the   |
   |                      |                                     | ``'thousands_sep'`` is         |
   |                      |                                     | expected.  If the sequence is  |
   |                      |                                     | terminated with                |
   |                      |                                     | :const:`CHAR_MAX`, no further  |
   |                      |                                     | grouping is performed. If the  |
   |                      |                                     | sequence terminates with a     |
   |                      |                                     | ``0``,  the last group size is |
   |                      |                                     | repeatedly used.               |
   +----------------------+-------------------------------------+--------------------------------+
   |                      | ``'thousands_sep'``                 | Character used between groups. |
   +----------------------+-------------------------------------+--------